Anterior vitrectomy is a procedure in which the vitreous gel is removed from the front portion of the eye (anterior chamber) to treat various conditions such as retinal tears, cataract surgery complications, or trauma. This procedure is often necessary when the vitreous gel interferes with the retina or causes complications like vitreous hemorrhages or traction on the retina.

During the procedure, the surgeon makes small incisions to access the anterior chamber and removes the vitreous gel using specialized instruments. This helps to prevent further retinal damage, reduce the risk of retinal detachment, and allow better visualization of the retina for other treatments.

Anterior vitrectomy is often performed as part of other retinal surgeries and can improve the overall prognosis for patients with severe ocular conditions.