Uveal melanoma surgery is a procedure used to treat uveal melanoma, the most common type of eye cancer, which arises from the pigmented cells in the uveal tract of the eye. The uveal tract consists of the iris, ciliary body, and choroid, and melanoma can affect any of these areas. Treatment typically involves removing the tumor to prevent the spread of cancer to other parts of the eye or body.

Depending on the size and location of the tumor, surgical options may include local excision, enucleation (removal of the eye), or proton beam radiation therapy. The goal of the surgery is to preserve as much vision as possible while removing the cancerous tissue.

Uveal melanoma surgery is highly effective in treating localized tumors, and in some cases, adjuvant treatments like radiation therapy or chemotherapy may be used to prevent recurrence or metastasis.