Retroperitoneal Lymph Node Dissection is a procedure that involves the removal of lymph nodes located in the retroperitoneal space, which is behind the abdominal organs. This surgery is often performed for patients with cancers like testicular cancer, lymphoma, or retroperitoneal sarcoma, where the cancer has spread to the lymph nodes.

The surgery can be done using open or laparoscopic techniques, depending on the size and location of the lymph nodes. Removing the lymph nodes helps prevent the spread of cancer and can be part of a comprehensive cancer treatment plan.

Postoperative care includes managing pain, monitoring for infection or bleeding, and ensuring proper lymphatic drainage. Depending on the type of cancer, additional treatments like chemotherapy or radiation may be required.

Retroperitoneal lymph node dissection plays a critical role in cancer treatment, offering the potential for curative outcomes and significantly improving survival rates in certain cancers.