Surgical correction of thoracic outlet syndrome is performed to relieve compression of the brachial plexus nerves or blood vessels between the collarbone and the first rib. The surgery typically involves decompression of the affected area by removing the first rib or releasing tight muscles to relieve pressure on the nerves and blood vessels.

This surgery is effective for alleviating symptoms such as arm pain, weakness, or numbness, improving circulation, and restoring normal function in patients with thoracic outlet syndrome.