Total Mesorectal Excision (TME) is a procedure used to treat rectal cancer by removing the rectum along with surrounding tissues, including lymph nodes and fat, to ensure all cancerous cells are excised. This surgery is typically performed when cancer is localized in the rectum and offers the best chance for a cure.

The procedure can be done laparoscopically or through open surgery, depending on the location and extent of the cancer. TME aims to remove the entire mesorectum, which is a layer of fatty tissue surrounding the rectum, reducing the likelihood of cancer recurrence.

Postoperative care involves managing pain, preventing infection, and monitoring for complications like leakage from the surgical site. Patients may require a temporary or permanent colostomy if reanastomosis is not feasible.

TME is considered the gold standard for rectal cancer surgery, offering the best survival rates and a lower risk of recurrence, significantly improving long-term outcomes for patients with rectal cancer.