Proctocolectomy is a surgical procedure involving the removal of both the colon and rectum, often performed to treat severe cases of ulcerative colitis, Crohn’s disease, or familial adenomatous polyposis. This procedure is usually necessary when other treatments fail to provide relief.

The surgery may involve creating a permanent ileostomy or constructing a pouch from the small intestine to serve as a new rectum. These techniques ensure waste elimination while addressing the underlying disease.

Postoperative care includes managing the stoma or pouch, monitoring for complications, and adopting dietary and lifestyle changes to support recovery. Long-term follow-up is essential to ensure proper healing and adaptation.

Proctocolectomy provides relief from debilitating symptoms and reduces the risk of cancer development in patients with severe intestinal conditions. This procedure significantly improves quality of life for those with advanced disease.